Get To Know All About Male and Female Reproduction System

Table of Contents

Reproduction is an important process for the continuation of the life cycle on planet Earth. We are different from plants, and that is why our mode of reproduction is also very different from plants. Today in this blog I am going to discuss human reproduction and reproductive organs involved in it. This blog is going to be informative for students, and you may get a good understanding of the topic after reading it.

This blog post by allassignmenthelp will assist you in going through the entire human reproductive system in such a way that the entire process and organs related to it will be in students’ minds forever.

Why Reproduction is Important For Humans?

For the Continuation of the life of humans, reproduction is an essential process. It allows the birth of a new individual, in a way a new life takes place through reproduction. Both the sexes have two different reproductive structures. Male and female reproductive organs are structured in a way that when they function together, they achieve internal fertilization.

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Human Reproduction System and How It Differs From Other Types of Reproduction

To get started you need to know the processes in detail.

Take a look at the following to have a clear idea about this entire process:

There are two types of reproduction, one is Asexual, and the other is Sexual.

Asexual reproduction

In Asexual reproduction, offspring is produced by a single organism. Asexual reproduction does not include the fusion of male and female gametes. Offspring produced through asexual reproduction inherit the genes only from a parent. Also, the number of chromosomes remains the same in asexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction takes place in Single-celled organisms.

Sexual reproduction

Now coming to Sexual reproduction, it is completely different from the previous one. Here males and females come into sexual contact to produce offspring. Human reproduction takes place through sexual reproduction. In this form of reproduction male and female gametes unite. Fertilization of two gametes forms a single-celled Zygote. The zygote holds genetic material from both parents. All Eukaryotes like animals and humans produce offspring through Sexual reproduction.

How Does the Male Reproduction System Work?

Humans choose to reproduce, and it is a biological process. In human reproduction, offspring are produced through the internal fertilization of sperm and ova inside a female’s body. For this purpose, both males and females have a set of organs that work together to achieve the function of producing a new baby.

Male Reproductive System

The male reproductive system works by producing, storing, and releasing sex cells also known as Spermatozoa.

The male reproductive system consists of the following parts with specific functions:

External male reproductive parts

There are a handful of male reproductive parts that are located outside the abdominal cavity of men.

Let’s read about them in detail:

Penis: Penis is a male reproductive part for the purpose of sexual intercourse and urination. The penis consists of three parts, root, shaft and glans. The glans is the head of the Penis; it is in a cone shape and covered with a loose layer of skin called the foreskin. Urethra opening is located at the tip of the glans of the penis. It helps in the transportation of semen and urine. There are sensitive nerve endings present in the penis.

Scrotum: It is a loose sac of skin; it hangs just behind the penis. The scrotum consists of testes, and many nerves and blood vessels. It acts as a temperature control system for the testes. For the development of sperm, the temperature of the testes should be slightly cooler than the body temperature. Several muscles in the scrotum help in maintaining the temperature of the testes.
Testes: They are in oval shape and secured at the end by a spermatic cord. Almost all men have two testes. Testosterone (A male sex hormone) is produced in the testes. Testosterone is responsible for the production of sperm in males. There are coiled masses of tubes inside the testes called seminiferous tubules. These tubules help in producing sperm cells through the process known as Spermatogenesis.
Epididymis: It is a coiled tube at the back side of the testes. It helps in the carrying and storage of the sperm cells of the testes. Epididymis plays an important role in the maturation of sperm. Sperms that are produced initially do not have the capacity of fertilization but Epididymis matures the sperm and makes it capable of fertilization.

Internal Male Reproductive System

Internal organs of a male reproductive system are also known as Accessory organs.

Below you can read about them in a detailed manner:

Vas deferens: it is a long, tube made up of muscles. It is connected from the epididymis to the pelvic cavity which is behind the bladder. Mature sperm is transferred through the vas deferens into the urethra when there is a need for ejaculation.
Ejaculatory ducts: Fusion of vas deferens and the seminal vesicles leads to the formation of Ejaculatory ducts. It ends in the urethra.
Urethra: It carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. It is a tube-like structure. It also helps in the ejaculation of sperm along with semen during sexual intercourse. The flow of Urine gets blocked during the erection of the penis. At that time only, semen gets ejaculated through Urethra.
Seminal vesicles: It is a sac-like structure attached to the vas deferens at the base of the bladder. It produces Fructose that provides energy to the sperm and also helps in the motility of the sperm. Seminal vesicles make the maximum amount of fluid for ejaculation.
Prostate gland: It is located below the urinary bladder in front of the rectum. It is a walnut-sized structure. This gland helps in providing some more fluid to the ejaculation. It helps in the nourishment of the sperm.
Bulbourethral glands: This gland is also called Cowper’s gland. It is of a pea-sized. They are present just below the prostate glands. Cowper secretes a slippery fluid helps in reducing the acid level of the urethra and lubricates it. Acid could be because of the presence of urine traces in Urethra.

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How Does the Female Reproduction System Work?

There are several functions the female reproductive system carries out. In this section, you will see how the female reproductive system works.

Parts of the female reproductive system:

External Female Reproductive System

Just like male anatomy female reproductive anatomy also includes external and internal structures. The work of the external structure of female anatomy is to make sperm easily enter the body and to protect internal genitals from infections.

Following are the external structures that make up the female reproductive system:

Labia majora: It is also called large lips. They are enclosed and provide protection to the other external organs of the reproductive tract. During the time of puberty, hair growth occurs on the labia majora. This part also contains sweat glands and oil-secreting glands.
Labia minora: It is known as small lips and is of different shapes and sizes. It comes after the labia majora on the inner side of it. Labia minora is located at the entrance of the vagina. The vagina joins the uterus to the outside body. The urethra is also located in the same area. The urethra is a tube that helps in the flow of urine outside the body. The skin of labia minora is very delicate and can become swollen.
Bartholin’s glands: These glands are responsible for the mucus-like fluid and are located at the vaginal opening.
Clitoris: Clitoris is the area present at the joining of the labia majora and labia minora. It is covered by the prepuce. The clitoris is a sensitive area and plays a role in stimulation.

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Internal Reproductive Organs of the Female Reproductive System

There are multiple Internal reproductive organs that work seamlessly to reproduce human offspring.

Let’s take a look at these parts:

Vagina: As discussed earlier it is a canal joining the cervix with the lower uterus. This part is also called the birth canal.
Uterus (womb): This organ is in a pear shape and is also a place where a fetus grows. The uterus is divided into the cervix and corpus. The corpus is responsible for holding the baby in the developmental stage. It expands and provides grip in holding the baby. The flow of the menstrual cycle and sperm is also through a canal of the cervix.
Ovaries: They are oval in shape and are located on both sides of the uterus. Ovaries are responsible for the production of ova and the secretion of hormones.
Fallopian tubes: They are narrow canals attached to the upper uterus. They help in the transfer of egg cells from the ovaries to the Uterus. The process of fertilization takes place in the fallopian tubes.

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Important Processes That Take Place During the Whole Course of the Human Reproduction System

While giving birth to an offspring, the human female body goes through multiple stages and processes.

Processes Involved in Human Reproduction

Take a look at these below:

Gametogenesis: It is a process that involves the development and production of sperms and ova which is required for new offspring. A gamete is a term used for male cells and female cells. Both the gametes fuse together to form the zygote inside female reproductive organs.
Spermatogenesis: It is the formation of the sperms in the testes in the male body. Testes are comprised of coiled tubes known as seminiferous tubules. Production of sperm cells takes place inside these tubules. There are some cells called Sertoli cells. They help in the nourishment of sperm in the initial stage. It provides nutrition to the cells.
Oogenesis: It is a process that occurs inside the female reproductive system. It is a process that involves the growth of egg cells into the ovum, a mature one. This process starts before the female foetus is born and during the time of ovulation, there are around 40000 ova.
Fertilization: It is a process that initiates the fusion of male and female gametes. It is one of the most important functions of human reproduction. This helps in the formation of a new life form.

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Conclusion

This blog is a detailed article on human reproduction and the different parts involved in it.

Reproduction is a biological process in which a new life form takes place with the help of various internal hormonal processes. Humans are mammals and, therefore, prefer to choose an internal form of fertilization. In this form of fertilization sperm and ovum fuse together inside the female body.

For the fertilization to take place male and female body has to work together in order to achieve the desired result. Both the sexes have various organs which have their respective functions. The work of the male reproductive part is the production, storage, and release of sperm cells. The work of the female reproductive organ is to produce an ovum, allowing sperm fusion with the ovum known as fertilization, and giving birth to new life eventually.

This whole process of producing offspring takes nine months. During these nine months, a female body goes through many physical and psychological changes.

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